Brazil, officially the Federal Republic of Brazil, is located in South America. It is the first country in the South American continent and the fifth most populous and largest country in the world. Brazil also has a coast to the Atlantic Ocean. It borders all South American countries except Chile and Ecuador. Its total population is around 210 million. It has 13 cities with a population of over a million. São Paulo has a population of 12.1 million and Rio de Janeiro has a population of 6.6 million. These two cities are also the most popular cities in Brazil. The official language of the country is Portuguese.
The oldest pottery, dating back 8,000 years, was unearthed during archaeological excavations in the Amazon basin of Brazil. The Portuguese sailor Pedro Alveras Cabral landed in South America on April 21, 1500, thinking that he had gone to India. He declared that he had conquered the country in the name of the king of Portugal. At the time, the region was inhabited by as many as seven million people who relied on fishing, hunting and nomadic agriculture.
In the early 1800s, the territory of Brazil continued to exist as a colony under the kingdom of Portugal. In 1815, the Portuguese kingdom declared that Brazil, which was a colony, was an empire. In 1824, it was accepted as a constitutional state. Today, Brazil is a developing democratic republican state.
Brazil is located in the eastern part of South America and lies along the Atlantic Ocean. It borders countries all over the South American continent, Chile and Ecuador. In the southern part it borders Uruguay. It is bordered by Paraguay and Argentina to the southwest, Peru and Bolivia to the west, Colombia to the northwest, and French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana, and Venezuela to the north. In addition to these; Archipelagos in the Atlantic Ocean such as Trindade and Martim Vaz, Saint Peter and Paul Rocks, Rocas Atoll and Fernando de Noronha also belong to Brazil.
Brazil’s vast territory includes the Cerrado Region, the Atlantic Forests, and the Amazon rainforest, which have the greatest biodiversity in the world. Such areas are ecosystems with a lot of biodiversity.
The climate of Brazil is quite diverse. Many types of climate prevail in this country, which has a large area and a wide range of topographic features. These include subtropical, oceanic, semi-arid, tropical, desert and equatorial climates. But in general, the country has a tropical climate.
Touted as the world’s largest coffee producer, Brazil has proudly held this title for 150 years. Today, it accounts for a third of the world’s coffee production. Brazil was introduced to coffee in 1727.
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According to legend, the Portuguese colony, which at that time ruled on the territory of Brazil, wanted to carry out coffee cultivation. French Guaya, where coffee was cultivated, did not want to give the Portuguese colony its coffee seeds. And coffee seeds were forbidden to go out of the borders. Under the pretext of resolving a border dispute, the Portuguese colony appointed a commander named Melo Palhea. The commander was to meet with the French governor. The commander seduced the wife of the French governor, and on the way home, the wife of the governor gave him a bouquet of flowers. Inside the bouquet of flowers were coffee seeds. Thanks to this, the first coffee seeds came to Brazil with Melo Palhea, and the first coffee seedlings were planted in the Para region.
Commercial coffee farming in Brazil first began on farms established around the Paraiba River near the city of Rio de Janeiro. Today, coffee beans are produced in the São Paulo and Minas Gerais regions.
Brazil is a country focused on high production capacity in the field of coffee beans. It stands out as the world’s most developed and industrialized industrial coffee producing country. Most of the coffee beans produced here are made on low-altitude industrial farms. Harvesting in such farms is carried out by industrial techniques. In general, Brazilian coffees have a low acidity. Coffee beans produced in the country are an indispensable source of espresso blends. In addition, Turkish coffees are also made with Brazilian coffee beans and these coffees offer a tremendous flavor.
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